Here, we present a novel approach utilizing radio-frequency identification (RFID) to investigate gap-crossing decisions in Black-capped Chickadees (Poecile atricapillus). However, playbacks are limited by short observation times and often cannot be used to reveal differences in behaviors among individuals. Much past research on avian gap-crossing decisions has utilized playback experiments. Gaps in forest habitat are well documented to negatively impact the movements of forest songbirds. These limited movements across the landscape during winter might have important repercussions on the occupation of some forest patches by tits, their subsequent reproduction, and in turn their population dynamics. Our results contrast with the widespread thought that birds have a great potential to use fragmented landscapes in a fine-grained manner. Open matrix (farmland and clearcuts) and very young plantations strongly restricted the rate of bird movement between old forest patches. Birds generally avoided open matrix, and seemed to move towards and across more developed stages in forest regeneration according to the ratio between food intake and predation risk attributable to a given matrix type. Mature boreal forests appeared to be qualitatively superior to any type of matrix in terms of protection against predators. In contrast, all behaviours examined in all four bird species (occurrence, matrix crossing, edge crossing, and group cohesion) appeared to be strongly affected by habitat-mediated predation risk. The effects of these three components of predation risk were not general in that only some species responded to them, and in that intra-specific responses were not always consistent. Birds in large groups were more prone to cross the edge, whereas group cohesion increased in risky situations, especially in the most vulnerable species (coal tit and goldcrest). Some species avoided edges under low light conditions. Birds used the exposed side of the edge (matrix) mainly during periods with low levels of predation pressure by pygmy owls (Glaucidium passerinum). ater, and goldcrest, Regulus regulus) at the edge of patches of mature boreal forest. see also CELEBRITIES & PEOPLE OF INFLUENCEĪNIMALS – see PETS & FURRY FAMILY MEMBERS (including dogs, cats & others).We studied the effect of four components of predation risk, namely predation pressure, spatial variation in woody cover, visibility, and flock size, on the behaviour of four species of the Parus guild (crested tit, P.Acknowledgement of Country’ by Jonathan Hill.Blue Mountains & south-eastern New South Wales, including Camden, Goulburn and the Southern Highlands:.Nepean and Blacktown areas including Narangyngy.NB: Private Ceremonies hold a copyright exemption but the author must always be cited, and this collation holds its own copyright 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022. Just press CTRL F on your keyboard and search for the word or subject.Should it be Religious or Secular (non-religious)?.Will the audience understand and connect with the reading/poem?.Would the person have chosen it, & enjoyed it?.What is it about the character of the person you wish to remember?.Will the choice honour them and/or their wishes?.Will it reflect the character and/or your love in tribute?.Does it bring to mind, a love, a passion, hobby, career, vision, aspiration, or activity that the person was known for, or enjoyed?.What single word or subject describes or links to their persona, passion, love or character?.When choosing readings or a poem for a funeral or memorial, the following may assist: More than 13 of the poems are my own originals whilst others have been chosen by people for ceremonies.Įach of the following is an expression of Love, inspiration, friendship, loss, joy, and invoking memory and emotion.
Search also, my blog, or my Facebook pageor maybe even write your own.If looking for songs, You will find category lists of over 450 song titles on my Music for Funerals page and more on my Weddings Songs page.I do not give any permission for my collection to be published by others.You might consider a reading or a particular poem as being specifically for a wedding, or specifically for a funeral, but love has a language of its own.If you see an item that is incorrectly cited, please let me know immediately.If you don’t find what you want here, let me know.I have alphabetically categorised & indexed over 700 poems & readings, in over 130 categories spreading over about 500 pages, but more are added regularly. Poetry is an expression of the so ul, the heart and the mind.Īs a Funeral Celebrant, I have created this HUGE collection of poems and readings – see FUNERAL POEMS & READINGS – INDEX Readings bring focus and set a theme in a ceremony,